https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pRNQY0HGwgA&feature=youtu.be

Economista Bernardo Javalquinto impartirá charla sobre sobre actualidad empresarial en la Universidad Central

El destacado economista Bernardo Javalquinto, reconocido como uno de los líderes latinos más destacados en Estados Unidos, impartirá una charla en la que abordará la actualidad empresarial en un contexto global, actividad organizada por la Facultad de Economía y Negocios (FEN) de la Universidad Central y que se realizará el martes 17 de octubre, a contar de las 10:00 horas, en el aula F de la torre C del edificio Gonzalo Hernández, ubicado en Lord Cochrane 417.

El profesor Javalquinto es Decano Honorario del Hispano American College (HAC), New York, y PhD. Economics Southern Creek University (SCU), California USA. Cuenta con más de 20 años de experiencia profesional entre los que destacan su paso por el Banco Mundial y su trabajo en proyectos para el Premio Nobel de la Paz, Muhammad Yunus. 

Sus áreas de especialización incluyen desarrollo de procesos, implementación y administración de soluciones de financiamiento en Latinoamérica, Estados Unidos, África y Medio Oriente. Además, fue elegido como uno de los 25 líderes latinos más destacados en Estados Unidos, país en el que participó de la campaña presidencial de Hillary Clinton.

http://www.ucentral.cl/economista-bernardo-javalquinto-impartira-charla-sobre-sobre-actualidad/prontus_ucentral2012/2017-10-12/113630.html

Javalquinto

https://rches.utem.cl/articulos/banco-mundial-ajustes-estructurales-y-escuela-de-los-chicago-boys/

Trabajo empírico-investigación.

Fecha de recepción: 02 de octubre de 2017
Fecha de aceptación: 31 de octubre de 2017

JEL Code: F30, G21, I23

Resumen

Se constata empíricamente que el ciudadano medio no logra un nivel de acceso razonable ni de comprensión integral en materia económica, cuestión esencial para que un país evolucione hacia una sociedad organizada. Existen numerosos ejemplos de aquello en la historia de las naciones y el orbe. Particularmente, en La República de Chile no es criterioso no verbalizar y visibilizar determinados acuerdos adoptados en la pasada década de 1980.

Es de escaso conocimiento global en la sociedad chilena que en este período se firmó un acuerdo confidencial, en el cual se vieron involucrados el Banco Mundial y el Ministerio de Hacienda del Gobierno de Chile. Es relevante señalar que la información sobre este acuerdo confidencial se mantuvo en el más absoluto secreto en torno a un protocolo riguroso de confidencialidad.

Esta información, tras un largo período, fue desclasificada, en virtud de lo cual uno de los autores (BJ) solicitó autorización expresa para realizar una investigación y, en principio, escribir una obra al respecto. Esta información, expuesta en este breve artículo, muy probablemente originará un debate académico de cierta envergadura con los consecuentes efectos en lo político y económico.

Existe un tema extremadamente complejo en nuestra nación y dice relación directa con la concentración de capital en unos pocos grupos económicos y la cada día más injusta distribución de la riqueza, lo que se refleja en las altas tasas de desempleos formales, disminución de los ingresos reales (desequilibrio de ingresos versus egresos), incremento no sustentable de la deuda de los ciudadanos (se estima del orden de US$ 12.000 por habitante, considerando un padrón de ciudadanos del orden de dieciséis millones de habitantes), entre otros factores negativos.

Este artículo técnico tiene como foco principal dar a conocer el estado de la situación económica a nivel país, durante un período de la historia en el cual surge la llamada Escuela de los Chicago Boys, su acción y consecuencias a nivel país. El presente estudio no intenta ser concluyente ni definitivo, considerando que la invitación es a analizar los datos y abrir el debate.

En 1997 Chile era admirado por la mayoría de los economistas a nivel global por ser uno de los países más competitivos del mundo, era un caso de estudio de las mejores universidades del planeta. ¿Pero, qué paso?

Hoy estamos culpando al Banco Mundial por manipulación política en el informe Doing Business y opiniones vienen y van, sin embargo, nadie cuestiona el hecho de que el país haya entregado información errónea que, obviamente, afectaría su posición en el ranking.

Si nuestro país ha perdido competitividad es por varios factores, fuera de los del índex del informe Doing Business. China había dejado de crecer y redujo su demanda de cobre. De hecho, en su momento, se habló del fin del superciclo del cobre, lo que trajo como consecuencia una reducción de las inversiones y una contracción de nuestra economía.

Si fuéramos un país innovador, el sector público y privado, en conjunto, se las arreglarían para hacer crecer el país, como ocurrió en la agenda pro crecimiento de Lagos, bajo cuya administración, a pesar de la crisis asiática, se llegó a un consenso con los empresarios, con altura de miras y poniendo a Chile primero.

COMPETITIVIDAD MÁS ALLÁ DEL BANCO MUNDIAL

El índex del Banco Mundial no afecta nuestro desempeño económico. Nosotros estamos sujetos a la economía estadounidense y China; y con informe o sin informe, hemos perdido competitividad.

Por Bernardo JavalquintoAcadémico  Facultad de Economía y Negocios, Universidad Central.

Santiago de Chile, 19 de enero 2018
Crónica Digital

https://www.cronicadigital.cl/2018/01/19/por-bernardo-javalquinto-competitividad-mas-alla-del-banco-mundial/World Bank / Banco Mundial

CNN https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQL1yNgcHSw&t=307s

The Silence and the Wall

Somewhere, someone told me to stop, be quiet and listen, I really thought that he was making a joke or something like that, then he continued and told me can you heard something behind that wall?, what wall I said?. As there was so much noise, pollution, machines, bikes without muffler, loud speakers, dogs barking, worried people speaking very loud to their mobiles; with the street noise you cannot hear anything, and all they think is in, just, how to pay for their bills, as soon as you pay, they immediately received next months will, I say it is financial and commercial harassment and the National Economic Prosecutor's Office is accepting all this, that is and economic abuse and they don’t do anything about it. Second generation of human rights. I wish to know what else they are frankly concerned; sure soccer or soap operas or news that only shows disease and horrifying disasters news on the national television network. Finally, I could not hear what the noise was on the other side of the supposed wall. Then he said, "look whatever you do, do not worry because you are doing well," in the other side of the wall, there are hundreds of people who are banging their head against it because they do not see it. You do not see the wall because there is no wall. So continue with your plans and forget about them.

I refer to this little event, because, some time ago, I wrote an article saying that we were putting all your eggs in one basket, "copper", and we are completely forgotten, about all the other productive sectors of the country. I think it was after the episode of the 33 miners buried alive in Chile. “A successful failure”. Well, as a matter of fact, there is something, that the whole world should watch happening in the US today, In one hand, President Trump, is closing the US Economy from being one of the largest and most open economies in the world to a close economy, what a mistake repeating the error of 1929 that created the Great Depression. In the other, President Obama in one of the State of the Union speeches emphasized investing in Research, Development, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, and President Trump is reducing the budget in all of them. I refuse not believe that there was someone else in our country who heard the speech of the President of the United States that gives the route of the world and where are we going, In Chile it looks like only the international community and international organization personnel do watch the speech. Here there is a similar speech given each May 21st of every year to account for what has been done in the country, of course, there is little difference between the speech in the US and the one in Chile.

That speech was based on Graphene, nanotechnology and to say the least it emphasized that science was the future, plain and simple. In fact, the Huffington Post reports that graphene will "change the world." It is 200 times stronger than steel, thinner than a sheet of paper, and has more power conductor than copper. And that's not all, researchers around the world are using it to view the critical advances in a variety of industries. Graphene also: increase solar energy by 50% to 100% more efficient, semiconductors 50% to 100% faster, and air crafts 70 % lighter. We're talking about batteries that are recharged 10 times faster and last 10 times more than normal batteries. Phones, and computer screens that can be folded, and even the potential to make people and things completely invisible. And just adding Christos Tokamanis, former Chief of Nanotechnology Research in the European Union stated "As the 20th century witnessed the revolutions of Quantum Mechanics and Relativity that gave rise to an exponential development of technology, forever changing man’s conception of the world, Nanotechnology −the art of single atom manipulation and control− will transport man into a new reality all together within the next two to three decades".

During the speech "president Obama" said that it was going to be so vital to our future that he has declared to be one of the "critical mineral supplies in the world" a "strategic mineral" in the United States and the European Union." However, only a few companies worldwide have access to mineral resources "China" is one them. And in Chile what are we doing? We are facing a wall, hitting our heads, ignoring to look at what rapid speed globalization happens and we do nothing. What are we waiting? We are listening to the noise of people hitting their head against a wall that does not exist. Forget it, it's better to learn a little more from external sources and be updated with what is happening around the world, we should continue investing in value added. There is not a storm, that last 100 years.

Social business: a change of paradigm for economic and development diplomacy?

Economic and development diplomacy are not neutral; in fact, they are always based on specific developmental and economic paradigms. Taking a step back, diplomats do well in re-thinking some of these paradigms. Last year’s Financing for Development Conference in Addis Ababa made suggestions regarding the role of philanthropy and innovative ways of financing. Taking this as a starting point, this blog post offers reflections on the social business model.

A recent article in the Harvard Business Review argued that ‘the social business model is both an efficient way of fighting poverty and a productive source of new business ideas.’Indeed, the vision of many people is that a number of global problems we face can be solved through the creation of social business.

A social business is a form of business mainly driven by a cause, rather than by traditional business-school objectives, such as profit maximisation with minimal investment and cost reduction. The social business concept goes far beyond accomplishing personal or investor goals. It focuses on the human being and seeks to achieve one or more social objectives through a company. In this new model, a company is doing things well from the beginning; all costs are covered so that investors or owners recover their investment, albeit through a reduced dividend distribution policy that places the social cause first, thus bringing a new perspective to what is morally ethical. This new concept of social business allows obtaining benefits, but on the condition that those benefits are maintained within the company and reinvested; investors and shareholders receive a fair return equal to their investment and will always make some profit.

Thus, social business brings a new dimension to the business world and a new sense of social awareness to the community. If social objectives can be achieved more efficiently and effectively by adopting a social business format that is sustainable, then, why not take this route?

Why give up the notion of profit, if it has established itself in mankind as a key performance indicator? To abandon the idea is quite illogical and contravenes the essence of human beings. To do so would cause great surprise. To be totally clear: social business does not ask people to give up a compensation for their effort. The idea of ‘giving something up’ is usually a cause of a tremendous shock in any human being. But this paradigm for social enterprise or social entrepreneurship does not ask anyone to give anything up. Rather, it proposes that if you are concerned about a social problem like youth employment, empowerment of women, care of the elderly, climate change, alleviation of poverty, social justice, so on, then you can make a significant contribution, perhaps even through your current activities, to solving a problem that involves all of us. Perhaps this could even open a door that leads to solving a world problem. It is up to you to reinvest the company's money in itself and make it grow, which will benefit everyone within, from the janitor to the owner, the customers; the community as a whole, the region, the country, and perhaps even the planet.

With this practice, you will be contributing towards humanizing the economy, a purpose that has long been lost due to the greed of people in all business sectors due to their lack of business ethics education, and lack of solidarity to the disadvantage in the economic system.

So, in conclusion, successful economic and development diplomacy needs to take this into account, because social and economic concerns affect all of us simultaneously. 

Bernardo Javalquinto-Lagos is a Latin American economist University of Maryland. He was born in New York and raised in Egypt and Chile. During the 1990s, he worked at the World Bank/IFC and the embassy of Chile in Washington, DC. In 2015, Javalquinto-Lagos received the SCIACCA Economic Award in Rome. The Argentine Senate as awarded him twice as one of the leaders in development and poverty alleviation in Latin America. 

Source: https://www.diplomacy.edu/blog/social-business-change-paradigm-economic-and-development-diplomacy

A Change of Paradigm or Just another Philanthropy Cause 

The vision of many people is that many global problems we face can be solved through the creation of Social Business. This is a form of business that is mainly driven by a cause, rather than by traditional business school objectives such as profit maximization with minimal investment and cost reduction. The social business concept goes far beyond accomplishing personal or investor goals. It is focused on the human being and seeks to achieve one or more social objectives through a company. In this new form of a company doing things well, all costs are covered so that investors or owners recover their investment, albeit through a reduced dividend distribution policy that places the social cause first, thus bringing a new perspective to what is morally ethical. This new concept of social business allows obtaining benefits, but under the condition that benefits are maintained in the company and reinvested; investors and shareholders receive a fair retribution equal for their investment and always will make some profits. Thus, social business brings a new dimension to the business world and a new sense of social awareness among the community. If social objectives can be achieved more efficiently and effectively by adopting a social business format that is sustainable, then, why not take this venue? Why give up the notion of profit, if it has established itself in mankind as a key performance indicator? To abandon the idea is quite illogical and contravenes the essence of the human beings. To do so would cause great surprise. To be totally clear: social business does not ask people to give up a retribution for their effort. The idea of "giving something up" were usually a cause of a tremendous shock in any human. This paradigm for social enterprise does not ask anyone to "give anything up." Rather, it proposes that if you are concerned about a social problem, you can make a significant contribution, perhaps even through your current activities, to solve a problem that involves all of us. Perhaps this could even open a door that leads to solving a world problem. It is up to you, to reinvest the company's money in itself and make it grow, which will benefit everyone within, from the janitor to the owner; its customers; the community as a whole, the region, the country and perhaps even the planet. With this practice, you will be making a contribution towards humanizing the economy, a purpose that has long been lost due to the greed of people in all sectors due to their lack of business ethics education, and lack of solidarity to the disadvantage in the economic system.

Bernardo Javalquinto, Economist